Windows, aka Threshold: an update on the new expected

Windows, aka Threshold: an update on the new expected

Microsoft is preparing to release a new version of Windows currently known as Threshold code. This new OS, due out next year, will have the difficult task of erasing the many flaws of Windows 8 which is struggling to attract individuals as well as professionals. The information distilled show that the finalization of this Windows 9 reflects the criticisms leveled at the current system.

One of the major complaints that users have with Windows 8 is the removal of the Start menu.  Microsoft has confirmed that he will return in the next version.  A first image of the new menu has appeared on the Internet a few weeks ago.  © My Digital Life

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Windows 8 may well be the operating system of the newest Microsoft (OS), it is not the most popular! According to the latest figures from NetMarketShare , Windows 8 and its update 8.1 cumulative 12.48% market share, far behind the ancestor Windows XP (24.82%) and Windows 7 (51.22%) which is supposed successor (remember that the end of support for Windows 7 is already programmed). Launched in October 2012, the new OS has attempted the challenge of change by removing the Start menu button and the famous Windows and offering two distinct environments.

The first, called modern interface (formerly Metro), is aimed at terminals touchscreen with applications specific presented a mosaic of windows called dynamic tiles . The second environment is the classic Windows desktop that Microsoft wanted to take second place by setting a default boot on modern interface. Result, Windows 8 has baffled users uncomfortable with having to juggle between these two worlds. Companies also shunned the new OS which was not sufficient to justify a transition from Windows 7 or from XP! A fiasco that is reminiscent of Windows Vista ... Sensing the danger, Microsoft has worked to make adjustments for the next version, the output is planned for 2015.

A higher than expected flow of micrometeorites at least 50 times

A video presentation of Gaia and its scientific mission. © euronews, YouTube

Before you really begin his harvest of observations that should last until 2019, astronomers and engineers were careful, of course, to check that all was well. However, they found minor disturbances. Despite his visor 10m diameter responsible for maintaining a steady temperature to avoid mechanical deformation may reduce the accuracy of measurements, a light parasite stronger than expected entered the instruments.

The telescope itself expands and contracts from tens of nanometers to more than expected. Finally, small amounts of water that were trapped in the machine before its launch are sublimated in the vacuum of space before condensing on the mirror , again in larger quantities we imagined. The mission itself is not compromised, but it should change the string of measures intended to make the necessary corrections and data taking was therefore postponed, therefore, a few months.

A higher than expected flow of micrometeorites at least 50 times
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A surprise was still to go. To achieve its mission, Gaia needs to be pointed very precisely in one direction, which means to know its rotation on itself. Micrometeorite impacts could bias the telescope pointing. Now, from experience with other instruments already joined the L2 Lagrange point , as Planck and Herschel, it was expected to flow micrometeorites impacting Gaia from 1 to 10 per day. Instead, the sensitivity of the instruments showed he was on the order of 500 per day!

According to astronomer Floor van Leeuwen , of the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge (UK) and member of the responsible cooperation of Gaia, although the origin of these micrometeorites is not yet well established, they could come from a dust ring surrounding the Earth , more or less associated with the Lagrange points. His colleague Nigel Hambly, University of Edinburgh, even think he could be a remnant of the formation of the Earth and the Moon .  Whatever the cause, Gaia is now ready to begin his campaign observations.

Galactic Archaeology and dark matter

Gaia is also designed to identify exoplanets . We think we can make a complete inventory of body type Jupiter in orbit around 200,000 stars closest to the Sun, up from 150 to 200 parsecs and detect thousands of planetary systems by measuring the movements of their star guests . It will also be possible to detect transits planetary photometrically.

With nearly a billion pixels, Gaia features the largest digital camera ever flown in space. The satellite rotates slowly on itself, once every six hours, scanning the sky with both telescopes. It will measure the positions and velocities of distant billion stars in the Milky Way, 30,000 light years away. © Esa, YouTube

Galactic Archaeology and dark matter
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Which probably most fascinates astronomers and astrophysicists, is the possibility of the galactic archeology and attempt to better understand the nature of dark matter or disprove its existence directing us to change laws gravitation through Mond.

Indeed, Gaia must measure the positions and velocities of a billion stars in the Milky Way by performing a complete survey of the sky up to magnitude  20. In the same way that a sufficiently accurate throes of the water surface in a pool measure can tell us who jumped, where, when and what side it will be possible to go back in time to experience a part of the history of our Galaxy . How was it formed in accreting matter, such as the dwarf galaxies or current tide of stars torn from previous interactions with larger galaxies. This is one of the questions we hope to answer.

Will it has a dust ring around the Earth?

Will it has a dust ring around the Earth?

The Gaia spacecraft is ready to begin its observations in orbit around the country Lagrange point L2, despite some unforeseen inconveniences which resulted in a delay of a few months. Intended for galactic archeology, she maybe we already revealed a secret history of the solar system. Hit by a number of higher than expected micrometeorites, Gaia could be plunged into a dust ring that surrounds the Earth.

On 08/08/2014 at 11:22 - By Laurent Sacco, Futura-Sciences
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An artist of the observatory Gaia in his post for the L2 Lagrange point, 1.5 million km from Earth.  For at least five years, this instrument of space astrometry observed carefully over one billion objects in the Milky Way, shown here in the background.  © Esa

Launched December 19, 2013 by a rocket Soyuz from Kourou in French Guiana, Gaia began his journey to the Lagrange point  L2. With this instrument mainly dedicated to astrometry, a wide variety of results are expected. It can be used to conduct new tests of metric theories of gravitation , as that of general relativity by studying the deflection of light by the gravitational field of the Sun and planets in the Solar System .  can also detect secular variations in the gravitational constant .

Photovoltaic solar energy, how does it work?

This new track brings another benefit: lower cost of manufacture. While solar cells are often made ​​of materials whose manufacture requires a lot of energy (including with silicon), the use of perovskite (a mineral abundant on Earth ) to require much less.

Photovoltaic solar energy, how does it work? Explanations of Jamy Gourmaud. © EDF Energies Nouvelles Spread
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The cells would apply by a method akin to painting a car or graphics printing: the sprayers into several layers. The waste would be minimized. The concept could be easily adapted to mass production and become more accessible.

By replacing the layer absorption of light , essential to any photovoltaic cell , a perovskite form of paint spray, the researchers also improved energy efficiency. "The best yields of organic cells are around 10%. The perovskite cells now have an efficiency of up to 19%. This is not far behind at 25% silicon, the material that dominates the global solar market," says Professor David Lidzey, principal investigator on the project.

Photovoltaic cells in spray paint

Photovoltaic cells in spray paint

At present, the production of solar energy often requires expensive and impractical plant. If a painting could make a difference? Latest advancement in the field of green energy, a new technique used to apply photovoltaic cells to virtually any surface.

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In France, the capacity of the photovoltaic sector is 1054 MW (2010 data).  The future will tell whether the solar panels next generation may be able to increase that figure.  © Mr__H, Flickr, cc by nc sa 2.0

Researchers at the University of Sheffield, UK, have developed solar cells perovskite which may apply in the manner of a paint spray . So it would be possible in theory to transform a variety of products and surfaces generating energy. The idea of flexible solar panels is not new but has been slow to materialize.

Emory University Hospital in Atlanta

Many volunteers caregivers worldwide are working alongside health professionals in affected countries. Among them, two Americans were infected with the virus in Liberia . Samaritan's purse, employing the NGO, said they had accepted the administration of the experimental treatment against Ebola  has not yet been tested on humans. This serum, and produced by known ZMapp Mapp Biopharmaceutical San Diego, has been a study of monkeys. The results were promising. Their condition seems to have improved. Since then, Dr. Kent and Nancy Brantly Writebol are treated at Emory University Hospital in Atlanta (USA).

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August 5, nearly a thousand patients died of Ebola suites. Many patients are placed in isolation to try to stem the epidemic. A suspected case is currently under review in New York and another in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. On behalf of Twitter , Gregory Härtl, spokesman of WHO confirmed Tuesday that test results had not yet been issued. Finally, Nigeria, where an American citizen came from Liberia died of the disease last week announced six suspects, all of whom have been in contact with the first victim on the ground.